Gregorio Labayan Aglipay (May 8, 1860 - September 1, 1940) was the first Filipino Supreme Bishop of the Philippine Independent Church.
Born in Batac City.Aglipay was an orphan who grew up in the tobacco fields in the last volatile decades of the Spanish occupation of the Philippines. He bore deep grievances against the Spanish, stemming from abuses within the agricultural system and the radical ecclesiastical reforms he championed.
Arrested at fourteen for not meeting his tobacco quota, he later moved to Manila to study law at the Colegio de San Juan de Letran and at the University of Santo Tomas. After obtaining his degree, he then entered the seminary in Ilocos Sur in 1883 and was ordained to the Roman Catholic priesthood seven years later. He began a career as an assistant priest in various parishes around Luzon.
In spite of being a Catholic priest, Aglipay, like other Filipino revolutionaries, joined the Freemasons.
The Philippine Independent Church, later known as the Aglipayan Church, was announced in 1902 and in the next three decades, Aglipay fought for Filipino independence through the political process. He ran for the presidency of the Commonwealth of the Philippines in 1935, but lost to Manuel L. Quezon. He married D. Pilar Jamias y Ver in 1939 (the new church allows married clergy), but died the following year on September 1, 1940.